Akabar Nama
Mughal founder Babur, did not allow freedom of worship for Hindus and other religious groups under their direct domain, Akbar engaged in a policy of actively encouraging members of the varying religious groups to enter his government. In the most critical instance, he persuaded the Kacchwaha Rajput Raja of Amber(modern day Jaipur) into a matrimonial alliance, Amber and Delhi being immediate neighbours, this merger proved to be a pivotal turning point in the history of the Mughal empire. The King of Amber's daughter, Maan Kunwar, became Akbar's empress. She was converted to Islam and rechristened Mariam-uz-Zamani and was the mother of Prince Salim, who later became the Mughal emperor Jahangir.
Mariam-uz-Zamani née Hira Kunwari (born October 1, 1542), was a Rajput princess and was the eldest daughter of Raja BharMal, Raja of Amber,
Her maiden name was Hira Kunwari (or Heera Kunwari) alias Harkha Bai[1], which was changed to Maan Kunwari after marriage as was the custom in Rajasthan. For the purpose of marrying Akbar she was converted to Islam and was rechristened Mariam-uz-Zamani after marriage. The Mosque of Mariyam Zamani Begum in Lahore, Pakistan was built in her honour. She has been also referred to as "Jodha Bai" or "Jodhabai" in modern times, although she was never actually known as Jodha Bai during her lifetime.
Hira Kunwar, Akbar's first Rajput wife was the eldest daughter of Raja Bhar Mal of Amer.[2] She was also the sister of Bhagwandas, and the aunt of Man Singh I of Amer, who later on became one of the nine jewels (Navaratnas) in the court of Akbar.[3]
Hira Kunwari (her maiden name) married Akbar on January 20, 1562 at Sambhar near Jaipur.[4] She was Akbar's third wife and one of his three chief queens. She was 22 days elder than Akbar. Akbar's first queen was the childless Ruqaiyya Begum, and his second wife was Salima Sultan, the widow of his most trusted general, Bairam Khan. After her marriage, Hira Kunwari was given the title Mariam-ul-Zamani ("Mary of the Age").[5]
She is said to have been politically involved in the court until Nur Jahan became empress. According to Thomas Roe, she was involved in active sea trade and owned a ship named Ramiti which carried pilgrims to
In 1586, she arranged a marriage of her son, Prince Salim (later Jahangir), to Man Singh's sister Princess Manmati, who was the mother of Prince Khusro.
Hira Kunwari died in 1611. As per her last wishes, a vav or step well was constructed by Jahangir. Her tomb, built in 1611, is on the Delhi-Agra National Highway, near Fatehpur Sikri. The Mosque of Mariyam Zamani Begum in Lahore, Pakistan was built in her honour.
The misnomer Jodha Bai
There is popular perception that Rajput wife of Akbar, mother of Jahangir, was known as "Jodha Bai".[2] However, Akbar's Rajput wife was never known as "Jodha Bai" during her lifetime.
The name of Akbar's wife was kept out of the Mughal records deliberately because the islamic clergy and the mughal populace could not come to terms with the future mughal emperor being the son of a Hindu woman. In Tujuk-i-Jahangiri she is clearly referred as Mariam Zamani.[6] During the Mughal period, Akbar's Rajput wife was never known as "Jodha Bai". Neither the Akbarnama (a biography of Akbar commissioned by Akbar himself), nor any historical text from the period refer to her as Jodha Bai.[6] Tuzk-e-Jahangiri, the autobiography of Jahangir, doesn't mention Jodha Bai either.[2]
According to Professor Shirin Moosvi, a historian of Aligarh Muslim University, the name "Jodha Bai" was first used to refer to Akbar's wife in the 18th and 19th centuries in historical writings.[6] According to the historian Imtiaz Ahmad, the director of the Khuda Baksh Oriental Public Library in Patna, the name "Jodha" was used for Akbar's wife for the first time by Lieutenant-Colonel James Tod, in his book Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan. According to Ahmad, Tod was not a professinal historian and depended on folk literature of Rajputs.[5] According to the historian Lifaq Ali Khan, the name Jodha Bai seems to have become popular after the film Mughal-e-Azam.[6]
According to N R Farooqi, Jodha Bai was not the name of Akbar's Rajput queen; it was the name of Jahangir's Rajput wife, whose real name was Jagat Gosain. Jagat Gosain was referred to as "Jodha Bai" or "Jodhi Bibi", since she belonged to the royal family of Jodhpur.[2] Jodhi Bibi was the daughter of Udai Singh of
If you want more details see link below:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariam-uz-Zamani
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